my LocalPlanting

How to Grow Sunflower

Reviewed by MyLocalPlanting Editorial Team Updated Sources
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

Get Your Exact Sunflower Planting Dates

Enter your ZIP, city, state, or zone for a personalized planting calendar.

Try:

Ready to grow Sunflower?

Order seeds or buy established plants.

* Affiliate links — we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you.

🛠️ Supplies You'll Need

* Affiliate links — we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you.

🌿 Plant Overview

Scientific Name Helianthus annuus
Category flower
Type Annual
Days to Maturity 80 days
Starting Method Direct Sow

☀️ Growing Requirements

☀️

Sun

Full Sun (6-8 hours)

💧

Water

Low-Moderate (1 inch/week)

↔️

Spacing

18" apart

🌱

Depth

1" deep

📏

Height

36-96"

🌱

Germination

7-14 days

Ready to Grow Sunflower?

Find quality seeds from trusted suppliers.

* Affiliate links — we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you.

Common Sunflower Varieties

Popular cultivars to look for at your local nursery or seed supplier.

Mammoth Russian

heirloom 80d

The classic giant sunflower reaching 10–12 feet with massive seed heads up to 14 inches across.

Autumn Beauty

open-pollinated 60d

Multi-stemmed branching variety with flowers in orange, burgundy, yellow, and bicolors.

Teddy Bear

open-pollinated 75d

Dwarf 2–3 foot sunflower with fluffy, pollen-free double flowers; great for cut arrangements.

Velvet Queen

open-pollinated 80d

Rich burgundy-red flowers on branching plants; stunning in arrangements and pollinator gardens.

Lemon Queen

open-pollinated 75d

Pale yellow multi-stemmed variety beloved by pollinators; excellent cut flower.

Days-to-maturity figures are approximate and vary by climate and growing conditions.

Common Sunflower Problems

What to watch for — and how to fix it before it spreads.

🐛

Pests

Sunflower Beetle

Adult beetles and larvae chew large, irregular holes in leaves; rarely fatal to mature plants.

Fix:

Handpick in the morning; apply insecticidal soap for heavy infestations.

Cutworm

Larvae sever seedling stems at soil level overnight.

Fix:

Place a cardboard collar around each seedling at transplanting; apply Bt to the soil.

Birds and Squirrels

Strip developing and mature seed heads before you can harvest.

Fix:

Cover heads with paper bags or lightweight netting once petals drop.

Aphids

Large colonies on stems and leaf undersides; usually controlled by natural predators.

Fix:

Tolerate unless severe; spray with water or insecticidal soap; plant flowers nearby to attract beneficials.

🍂

Diseases

Downy Mildew

Yellow angular patches on upper leaf surface; gray mold on undersides; stunts young plants.

Fix:

Improve airflow; avoid overhead watering; plant in full sun with good drainage.

Sclerotinia (White Mold)

White cottony mold on stems and head; causes stem collapse and head rot.

Fix:

Rotate crops; improve drainage; avoid overhead irrigation.

Rust

Powdery orange pustules on leaf undersides; reduces photosynthesis but rarely kills mature plants.

Fix:

Remove infected leaves; apply sulfur fungicide; choose resistant varieties.

💡

Common Mistakes

Planting too close together

Crowded sunflowers compete for light and produce smaller, weaker heads.

Fix:

Space 18–24 inches apart for standard varieties; 6 inches for cut-flower crops.

Overwatering seedlings

Sunflowers are drought-tolerant once established; soggy soil rots seeds and seedlings.

Fix:

Water seedlings lightly; once established, deep water weekly; let soil dry between waterings.

🌾 Seed Saving Guide

🟢 Easy
✅ Open-pollinated — seeds grow true to parent

When to Harvest Seed

Let seed heads dry on the plant until the back turns brown and papery. Cover with a mesh bag to prevent bird loss.

Processing

Rub seed head with palm over a bucket to release seeds, then spread to dry 1 week.

Seed Viability

Up to 3 years when stored cool, dark, and dry.

Pro Tip

Sunflowers cross freely — isolate by 1000 feet from other sunflower varieties for pure seed.

Seed Storage Supplies

* Affiliate links — we may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you.

🪴

Raised Bed Planting Guides

A 4×8 bed fits 14 plants of Sunflower. See plant counts, spacing grids, and companion pairings for every bed size →

Sunflower Planting Calendar by Zone

Sunflower Planting Calendar by State

Other Plants

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Sunflower? +

Sow Sunflower seeds directly in the garden 1 weeks after your last frost date. Use the search on this page to find exact dates for your location.

How long does Sunflower take to grow? +

Sunflower typically matures in about 80 days from planting. Exact timing varies by variety, soil conditions, and local climate.

Should I start Sunflower indoors or direct sow? +

Sunflower does best when direct sown outdoors. Plant seeds directly in the garden at the appropriate time based on your local frost dates.

How much sun does Sunflower need? +

Sunflower requires full sun (6-8 hours) to thrive.

How far apart should I plant Sunflower? +

Space Sunflower plants 18 inches apart to allow adequate airflow and root development.

How much water does Sunflower need? +

Sunflower has low-moderate (1 inch/week) water needs. Consistent moisture is important especially during germination and early growth.

Can you save seeds from Sunflower? +

Yes — seed saving difficulty for Sunflower is rated easy. Let seed heads dry on the plant until the back turns brown and papery. Cover with a mesh bag to prevent bird loss. Rub seed head with palm over a bucket to release seeds, then spread to dry 1 week.

How long do Sunflower seeds last in storage? +

Properly dried and stored Sunflower seeds remain viable for up to 3 years. Store in a cool, dark, dry location in an airtight container with a silica gel packet for best results.

Are Sunflower seeds open-pollinated? +

Yes — Sunflower is open-pollinated, meaning seeds saved from your harvest will grow plants true to the parent variety. This makes it an excellent candidate for building a self-sustaining garden.

About Sunflower

Iconic tall annual with large yellow blooms. Seeds attract birds and can be harvested for eating. Incredibly easy to grow from direct sow.

Expect your Sunflower to be ready for harvest in approximately 80 days from planting.

Use the search above or browse by zone or state to find the perfect planting dates for your location.